The present invention discloses a method for analysing gene-environment interaction of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, comprising the steps of: extracting RNA from a Macrobrachium rosenbergii sample; generating cDNA from the RNA by a reverse transcription; subjecting the cDNA to real-time polymerase chain reaction amplification by utilizing 15 sets of primers; and generating a differential gene expression profiling to evaluate the gene expression levels of Macrobrachium rosenbergii; characterized in that said 15 sets of primers comprising SEQ ID NO: 1 and SEQ ID NO: 2; SEQ ID NO: 3 and SEQ ID NO: 4; SEQ ID NO: 5 and SEQ ID NO: 6; SEQ ID NO: 7 and SEQ ID NO: 8; SEQ ID NO: 9 and SEQ ID NO: 10; SEQ ID NO: 11 and SEQ ID NO: 12; SEQ ID NO: 13 and SEQ ID NO: 14; SEQ ID NO: 15 and SEQ ID NO: 16; SEQ ID NO: 17 and SEQ ID NO: 18; SEQ ID NO: 19 and SEQ ID NO: 20; SEQ ID NO: 21 and SEQ ID NO: 22; SEQ ID NO: 23 and SEQ ID NO: 24; SEQ ID NO: 25 and SEQ ID NO: 26; SEQ ID NO: 27 and SEQ ID NO: 28; and SEQ ID NO: 29 and SEQ ID NO: 30.